Summarising: The overview of the 8-step summarising sequence

In the blog last week, we examined the interesting but challenging task of analysing and narrowing down the assigned task. This week, we will explore an overview of the key elements required when summarising academic texts. To achieve this important objective, we will focus on the practical 8-step sequence.

What are the 8 key steps in the process of summarising?

At this stage, it is now important to gain an overview of the summarising process. Each step is illustrated below with a brief explanation. Key steps in this process will be developed further in future blog posts. However, for now, note that the overall objective includes progressively increasing the use of the writer’s own language to gradually move further away from the language of the original text. This significantly reduces the risk of plagiarism.

The 8-Step Summarising Process of an Academic Texts

Step 1

1. Transfer your notes from the academic text with the page number to the left side of your notebook or a blank sheet of paper. If you work on the computer, use a table.

2. Write the full reference.

3. Put the article away and do not refer to it again until Step 4.

Step 2

1. Now re-write the original notes in your own words on the right side making sure the information is both accurate and memorable.

• The more you work on the general English and grammar at this stage, the easier it will be later.

• Do not worry about academic style at this stage.

Step 3

1. Check carefully that the arguments and evidence connect to your thesis line of argument.

2. Consider the logical order of the information.

Step 4

1. Rewrite the sentences in academic style, including citations.

2. Go back to the original text and check the accuracy of all the information.

• Make sure that you have not added any opinions or evaluation.

Step 5

1. Check the academic style.

2. Refer back to your thesis statement to ensure that all the information connects and is relevant.

• This is an appropriate time to carefully construct any topic sentences required for paragraphs.

Step 6

1. Write the first draft of the summary.

2. Proofread to check:

• paragraphs begin with a clear topic sentence;

• academic style is maintained throughout;

• the citations are in the correct format;

• the guidelines for writing summaries have been followed.

Step 7

1. Write the final version of the summary.

2. Proofread and polish the language.

• Think carefully whether the reader will understand what you are trying to communicate.

Step 8

1. Now compare what you have written with the areas of the text you selected to summarise to ensure that your language is sufficiently different from the original.

2. Make necessary changes.

• It is your responsibility not to present plagiarised work.

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Question 1

At which point in the process of summarising is the ability to paraphrase briefly essential?

Question 2

Which stage in the process might some overseas students initial find more challenging?

Question 3

What is the critical importance of being able to cite and reference when writing in an academic style?

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We shall explore Question 3 in the next blog.